Overview:
More than 72,000 people, including schoolchildren and refugees, are expected to benefit from a three-year programme designed to protect water supplies against drought and other climate threats.
In parts of West Nile, 71 pupils share a single school latrine, nearly twice Uganda’s recommended standard of 40.
At the same time, one in three health facilities lacks adequate water and sanitation services, exposing patients and health workers to preventable health risks.
For communities already struggling with unreliable rainfall, prolonged dry seasons and declining groundwater levels, the shortage of safe water is becoming an increasingly serious challenge.
Austria has now committed €3.5 million (approximately Shs 14.96 billion) to help improve water, sanitation and hygiene services in Yumbe and Madi-Okollo districts, where large refugee populations share increasingly strained resources with host communities.
The funding agreement, signed in Kampala on November 6, 2026, between the Austrian government, through the Austrian Development Agency (ADA), and UNICEF, will support a three-year programme targeting more than 72,000 direct beneficiaries, primarily children and women.
UNICEF will contribute an additional €390,000, bringing the programme’s total value to €3.89 million.
The initiative, Strengthening the Humanitarian-Development-Peace Nexus through WASH and Climate Action in West Nile, runs from October 1, 2026, to September 30, 2029.
Approximately 14,925 primary and secondary schoolchildren are among those expected to benefit directly. Under the programme, about 50,000 people will gain improved access to safe, climate-resilient water, sanitation and hygiene services through five health centres.
Another 8,000 community members are expected to benefit from two new water supply systems designed to withstand climate-related disruptions.
Beyond these direct interventions, sanitation and hygiene campaigns are expected to reach more than 1.3 million people across the two districts, including over 400,000 refugees.
The distinction matters: while some beneficiaries will gain access to new or improved facilities, the wider population will primarily be reached through hygiene education, community engagement and campaigns promoting healthier sanitation practices.
Climate change deepens water shortages
Yumbe hosts Bidibidi refugee settlement, while Madi-Okollo hosts Rhino Camp. Together, the districts accommodate a substantial refugee population alongside communities that also depend on limited water resources.
Erratic rainfall, prolonged dry seasons and falling groundwater levels are making reliable water supplies increasingly difficult to maintain.
Inadequate sanitation can increase exposure to waterborne diseases and disrupt learning, particularly among adolescent girls who need safe, private sanitation facilities.
Pressure on shared water sources can also heighten tensions between refugees and host communities. The new programme seeks to address these challenges by constructing and rehabilitating water systems and sanitation facilities in schools, health centres and communities.
Working with the ministry of Water and Environment, district authorities and local residents, UNICEF will also strengthen the maintenance of water infrastructure and promote improved household hygiene.
Planned climate adaptation measures include solar-powered water systems, groundwater recharge, catchment restoration, tree growing, biogas systems and community bylaws to protect water sources.
These interventions are intended to keep water flowing during droughts and other climate-related disruptions, rather than leaving communities dependent on emergency assistance whenever existing systems fail.
Dr Katja Kerschbaumer, head of Austrian Embassy/Development Cooperation, said the investment recognizes access to clean water as a basic human right.
“Safe water and sanitation are not privileges; they are fundamental human rights. When children have clean water, they are healthier, attend school more regularly, and have a better chance to reach their full potential. Through this collaboration, Austria will ensure that these rights are met by investing in climate-resilient water and sanitation systems in both refugee and host communities in West Nile. Together with local communities, we will build healthier, stronger and more resilient generation.”
Building services that last
UNICEF Representative in Uganda Dr Robin Nandy said the programme would strengthen essential services while supporting cooperation between refugees and neighbouring communities.
“Safe water and sanitation are essential for children’s health, learning and dignity. Through this partnership with Austria, UNICEF will support climate-resilient water systems in schools, health centres and communities where children need them most, while helping local systems keep these services running. By reaching both refugee and host communities, this programme will also help strengthen social cohesion and give every child a better chance to thrive.”
The initiative supports Uganda’s National Development Plan IV, National Climate Change Policy and Comprehensive Refugee Response Framework, alongside global commitments on clean water, sanitation and climate action.
Its longer-term ambition is to move beyond temporary humanitarian assistance towards water and sanitation services that local authorities and communities can maintain.
For families in Yumbe and Madi-Okollo, the real test will come after the infrastructure is built: whether health centres have reliable water, schoolchildren have adequate sanitation and communities can withstand the next prolonged dry season without losing access to essential services.
The investment offers an opportunity to address those problems. Its success will depend on whether the new systems continue serving communities long after the three-year programme ends.